Protein Synthesis
Genetic information, stored in
the chromosomes and transmitted to daughter
cells through DNA replication is expressed
through transcription of RNA and, in the case of
mRNA, subsequent translation into polypeptide
chains. This flow of information from DNA to RNA
to protein is termed the “central dogma” and is
descriptive of all organisms (with the exception
of some viruses that have RNA as the repository
of their genetic information).
The process of translation
requires a genetic code, through which the
information contained in the nucleic acid
sequence is expressed to produce a specific of
amino acids. Any alteration in the nucleic acid
sequence may result in an improver amino acid
being inserted into the poly peptide chain,
potentially causing disease or even death of the
organism. |
